Okuyisisekelo kokuphrinta kwe-laser 3D
Ukukhiqizwa okungeziwe (ukuphrinta kwe-3D) kwezinto zensimbi kudingekile kakhulu kwezokundiza, i-aerospace, ukuhamba, izimoto, ukukhiqiza isikhunta, imishini yezokwelapha neminye imikhakha.Njengamanje, umthombo wokushisa osetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza izithasiselo zensimbi uhlanganisa imishayo emithathu yamandla aphezulu we-laser beam, i-electron beam, i-micro beam plasma kanye nokufakwa kokushisa kwe-sintering, njll., lapho ugongolo lwe-laser lusetshenziswa kakhulu amandla aphezulu. umthombo wokushisa we-beam emkhakheni wokukhiqiza izithasiselo zensimbi.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-electron beam kanye nomthombo wokushisa we-microbeam plasma, i-laser beam inezinzuzo zendawo enhle, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nesenzo sokuqondisa endaweni ecacisiwe yezinto ezibonakalayo, engakwazi ukubona ukuncibilika ngokushesha kwezinto zensimbi futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuxhuma kweshaneli ye-fusion. kanye nokwakhiwa kwengxenye.
Amalaza asetshenziswa ekuphrinteni kwe-laser 3D ahlanganisa amalaser efiber, ama-semiconductor lasers, ama-Nd:YAG lasers, namalaser e-CO2.Izinto ezahlukahlukene zimunca ama-lasers ahlukene wamaza ahlukene.Ngokuvamile, i-polymer yokunyathelisa ngokuyinhloko ngamalaser e-CO2, kuyilapho ukuphrinta kwe-3D kwezimpushana zensimbi ikakhulukazi kusebenzisa ama-laser fiber.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokucubungula, ukukhiqizwa kwe-laser additive kungahlukaniswa ngokukhetha i-laser sintering, ukuncibilika kwe-laser okukhethiwe, i-laser sintering yensimbi eqondile, i-laser powder deposition, i-deposition yensimbi eqondile njalonjalo.Phakathi kwazo, i-selective laser melting (SLM) okwamanje ingenye yobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta bensimbi be-3D obusetshenziswa kakhulu.Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sedivayisi yokuphrinta ye-laser melting (SLM) siboniswa esithombeni.Ngaphambi kokuphrinta, imodeli ye-3D iyafakwa bese kunqunywa umzila wokuskena.Isinyathelo sokuqala ukusula itafula ngokulinganayo nge-spatula bese ubeka ungqimba lwe-powder kuso;isinyathelo sesibili, sebenzisa i-laser ukuskena umkhondo othize kulolu ungqimba lwempushana ukuze uluncibilikise futhi ubone ungqimba lokuphrinta;isinyathelo sesithathu, hambisa itafula phansi ungqimba olulodwa, bese ujikelezisa imisebenzi engenhla, ukuze ungqimba lokuphrinta lupakishwe ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu, ukuze kwakhiwe izingxenye ze-3D ezizophrintwa.Ukuze uvimbele i-oxidation, yonke le nqubo ihilela ukukhishwa komoya ekamelweni lokusebenza bese uligcwalisa ngegesi ye-inert.
▲ Izimiso eziyisisekelo zemishini yokunyathelisa ye-SLM
Isidingo sama-lasers ekuphrinteni kwe-laser 3D
Isidingo sama-lasers sokuphrinta kwe-laser 3D sikhonjiswa ikakhulukazi ezicini ezimbili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla nokuqina kwamandla, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhwalithi ye-beam nosayizi wendawo.(1) Amandla namandla nokuzinza kwe-3D yokunyathelisa inqubo yokunyathelisa ngokuyinhloko incike emthelela oshisayo we-laser, ukuqina kwe-laser kufanele kudlule umkhawulo othile wamandla ukuze kuncibilike impahla, ngakho-ke ukunakwa okwengeziwe kukhokhelwa isilinganiso samandla okukhipha we-laser, okuyinto ayizweli kumodi ye-pulse ye-laser, ngakho-ke ivamise ukusetshenziswa ama-fiber lasers aqhubekayo, futhi amandla asatshalaliswa cishe phakathi kuka-100W no-1000W.Uma imodeli inkulu, izendlalelo eziningi ziba khona, futhi isikhathi sokuphrinta siba side.Ubude besikhathi obujwayelekile busuka emahoreni ambalwa kuye kwamashumi amahora.Ngakho-ke, kunezidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwama-lasers.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, impushana yensimbi ingase ishise ngokweqile, noma ibangele ngisho nezinye izingxenye ezakhiwe ukuba zincibilike;izinga lokushisa liphansi, i-powder yensimbi ayincibilikisiwe kahle, ukunamathela akwanele, futhi ukuma kwelungu elibunjiwe angeke kugcinwe.Ngakho-ke, ukuzinza kwamandla we-laser kubalulekile kwikhwalithi yokuphrinta.(2) Ikhwalithi yebhimu nosayizi wendawo Ikhwalithi ye-Beam nosayizi wendawo kubonisa enye yemingcele eyinhloko yokunemba kokuphrinta.Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kwakhiwa ukuskena kwe-laser beam, i-laser spot encane, ukuphakama kokunemba kokuskena, kuphakeme ukucaca kwemodeli ephrintiwe, futhi okubucayi kakhulu kwengxenye ephrintiwe ibonakala ngeso lenyama.Ubuningi be-Beam ngokuvamile bubonakala nge-BPP noma i-M2, i-M2 eseduze i-1, okubonisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-beam engcono kakhulu, amandla e-laser agxila kakhulu, umthelela omncane ekushiseni okuzungezile;ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhwalithi ye-beam engcono kakhulu, i-engeli ehambisanayo yokuhlukana ibe ncane, futhi indawo okugxilwe kuyo izoba yincane ngokuhambisanayo.
GW Laser futhi I-Fastform's Ukuhlola Inkambu Yokuphrinta kwe-3D
I-GW Laser Tech, njengomholi womhlaba wonke kuma-laser fiber akhanya kakhulu, ngokukhula kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D, futhi ihlola ngenkuthalo kulo mkhakha wohlelo lokusebenza, yethula i-500W yemodi eyodwa engu-10μm/14μm CW fiber laser yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphrinta ze-3D, imishini yezokwelapha, izingxenye zezimoto, i-aerospace neminye imikhakha.Phakathi kwazo, u-10μm no-14μm usayizi wobubanzi obuhlukene obuyingqikithi bunquma ubukhulu bendawo, ikakhulukazi okuthinta ukuminyana kwamandla e-laser, okungukuthi, amandla okukhanya endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi, ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla ezifanayo, usayizi wendawo omncane, i-laser inkulu. ukuminyana kwamandla, kanye nendawo yokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu ifanele ukuphrinta indawo encibilikayo ephezulu noma impushana yensimbi ebonisa phezulu.
▲ I-GW laser 500W imodi eyodwa 10μm izinzuzo zomkhiqizo we-fiber laser:
➢ Idizayini encane kakhulu, enesisindo esincane, idizayini yobude engu-19 amayintshi engu-1.5U, isisindo esingu-<20kg, isakhiwo esihlangene, usayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, enikeza ukuhlanganisa okungenakuqhathaniswa nokuvumelana okuguquguqukayo.
➢ Isakhiwo somkhiqizo samukela idizayini evaliwe, ethuthukisa kakhulu ukwethembeka kukonke kwe-laser yendawo yokuphrinta ye-3D, izinga lokuvikela le-IP65, futhi ingaqhubeka nokusebenza ezindaweni ezinzima njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, nothuli oluphezulu.
➢ Amandla aphezulu angama-500W, anele ukwenza izinto zensimbi ezivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-austenitic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, i-titanium alloy, i-nickel-based superalloy, i-aluminium alloy, i-magnesium alloy nokunye.
➢ Ukuqina kwamandla okuhle, uguquko ngehora <0.5%, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwenqubo yokuphrinta okude kakhulu.
➢ Ikhwalithi ye-beam enhle, i-M2<1.1, i-fiber yemodi eyodwa engu-10/14μm, indawo encane yokukhipha, ukunemba okuphezulu kokuphrinta.
I-FastForm yinkampani egxile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D kanye nemishini, engahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-prototyping nezisombululo ezisekelayo.Isungule ukubambisana okujulile ne-GW Laser, futhi izokwenza izivivinyo zokuphrinta ze-3D kanye nocwaningo mayelana nezingxenye ezibalulekile ze-aerospace, amamodeli ezimoto, i-biomedicine neminye imikhakha esikhathini esizayo.Kwethulwe imikhiqizo ye-laser eyodwa ye-FF-M140, i-FF-M150 efundisa imodeli ekhethekile, imodeli ekhethekile ye-laser oral ye-FF-M180D, FF-M300H 1000W imodeli yemboni ye-laser enamandla amakhulu, imodeli ye-laser eyi-FF-M500, FF-M800 imikhiqizo emine ye-laser, kanye zonke zifinyelela ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, zisekela izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zendawo.Ithuthukiswe ngokuzimela isoftware yokusika ama-laser amaningi kanye nesoftware yokwenza i-FastLayer.Izinto zokusebenza zilawulwa ngokuzenzakalela futhi azinakwa.▲ Iphrinta ye-mesothesonic ye-FF-M180D ye-laser yensimbi eyi-3D ekabili Lo mkhiqizo unalezi zinzuzo ezibalulekile ezilandelayo: ➢ Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka impushana obunezindlela ezimbili nesivinini esiguquguqukayo, ukusetshenziswa kwempushana ephezulu.➢ Ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe ezimele, ukuqedela ngokuchofoza kanye kokusika okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlelwa kwendlela.➢ Ikhamera eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ingafinyelela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele, ukusebenza okungagadiwe.➢ Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zamukela isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esishiselwe, esinozinzo oluqinile nokufakwa kalula
▲ I-FASTFORM FF-M180D enemikhiqizo yokuphrinta ye-3D ye-laser ye-GW 500W
Isimo samanje kanye namathemba okuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokunyathelisa ye-3D
Njengamanje, ukuphrinta kwe-3D sekungene enkathini yokunyathelisa okusheshayo, ngokwezibalo ze-China Commercial Industry Research Institute, imboni yemishini emkhakheni wokufaka isicelo ongezansi ibamba ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ngo-2021, ifinyelela ku-17.5%, ilandelwa yi-electronics yabathengi ( 16.6%) kanye nezimoto (16.1%).Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni zama-elekthronikhi nezimboni zezimoto, izindawo zokusetshenziswa zokuphrinta kwe-3D kule mikhakha emibili zizonwetshwa ngokuzayo.
Ngokwezinga lezimboni, ngokusho kwe-CIC, isilinganiso sonyaka sokukhula kwenhlanganisela yokuphrinta kwe-3D ngo-2021-2025 cishe silinganiselwa ku-26.59%, futhi sizofinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-70.1 ngo-2025. Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kuhlanganisa izici ezintathu: imishini, izinto zokwakha. kanye nezinkonzo, imishini yokunyathelisa esebenza kakhulu.Ngokwemininingwane ekhishwe yi-CCID, isikali semboni yemishini yokuphrinta ye-3D yaseChina ngo-2020 singama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9.254, okuyisilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu.Njengamanje, intengo yemishini yokunyathelisa ye-3D isephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isuka kumalungelo obunikazi angaphandle kanye nama-monopolies, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngoba imboni ye-3D yaseChina yaqala sekwephuzile, isidingo sincane, futhi izinga lokuzimela phansi.Ngokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokukhiqiza yaseShayina esezingeni eliphezulu, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehla kwezindleko, imboni yokunyathelisa yaseShayina ye-3D izobonisa inkambiso yokwandisa ukwenziwa kwasendaweni esikhathini esizayo.Ukusebenzisana eduze phakathi kwabakhiqizi bedivayisi kubalulekile ekushayeleni isikali sobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D.I-Guanghui Laser ayigxili kuphela ocwaningweni nasekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo we-laser, kodwa futhi ihlola ngokuqhubekayo emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-laser, futhi izibophezele ekusizeni amakhasimende ukuxazulula izinkinga zohlelo lokusebenza.Njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili wemishini yokunyathelisa ye-3D e-China, i-Micron Speed Manufacturing ijwayelene nazo zonke izici zokuphrinta kwe-3D, futhi inethimba labachwepheshe abanolwazi lokuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo ephezulu emkhakheni wokuphrinta i-3D yobungcweti.Ngokuzayo, i-Guanghui Laser izosebenzisana ne-Us Light Speed Manufacturing ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-laser 3D e-China futhi isize ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-24-2022